the right time
to be on the water
Choose the place and the species. The index, from 0 to 100, combines weather, sun, moon and tide with each fish's habits. Up to 28 days, with each day's confidence.
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hour by hour
slide your finger or mouse over the chart to see each hoursee hour-by-hour table
why this index at —?
choose the day
the fishing month at a glance
what's the best window for the crew?
Choose how many fishing days. We compare each stretch by its average index, discount days with a warning or closed season, and show the 3 best.
trend for the coming weeks
Line: the middle value of 31 simulations of the American GEFS model. Band: where 8 out of 10 fall. Narrow, firm trend; wide, high uncertainty.
everything about the pacuma toadfish
how to recognize it
Brown body with black spots and saddle-shaped marks. The head has scales up to the middle of the eye, and the area between the eyes is smooth, without filaments. It has firm spines on the dorsal fin and on the operculum, the gill cover. It differs from Batrachoides manglae, which has fine filaments on the head, without scales there, and lives in mangrove lagoons.
Also called: peixe-sapo-do-suriname, peixe-sapo, sapo guayanés, pacuma toadfish
don't confuse with:
We don't have tips on season, bait or technique for this species yet.
where found
open on the large mapWhere to look: Sand and mud bottoms of shallow, warm, brackish waters, in estuaries and lagoons.
It occurs from Honduras and Venezuela to Bahia, in shallow, brackish waters of the Caribbean, Central America and the Guianas. In Brazil, it ranges from the North to the Northeast.
coast
rules for the pacuma toadfish
Rules change; before keeping or transporting fish, check with the state environmental agency.
We found no species-specific rule beyond the region's general rules.
Conservation: Not on the Brazilian national list (Ministerial Ordinance GM/MMA No. 1.667/2026).
how much it weighs without taking it out of the water
estimated weight
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how we calculate
Length-weight relationship W = a·Lb (a = 0.00759, b = 3.16; FishBase (relação peso-comprimento bayesiana, estimativa da própria espécie)). It's an average: a fat or lean fish can vary by 10% to 20%.
more about the pacuma toadfish
The Surinam toadfish belongs to the family Batrachoididae (toadfishes) and reaches 57 cm and 2.3 kg. It lives in shallow, warm, often brackish waters, on sand and mud bottoms, where it stays nearly still and very well camouflaged. It feeds on crabs, shrimp, small mollusks and fish. Females mature at about 20 cm and can release 400 to 500 small eggs. In Brazil, the species occurs from the North to Bahia, and commercial fishing usually sells it fresh.
Family: Batrachoididae · predator
fun facts
- It is not very active and stays still on the bottom, camouflaged in sand and mud.
in the kitchen
Sold fresh at market.
similar species
sources and references (3)
Essential profile: size, length-weight, depth, countries and conservation come from FishBase and the cited regulations, and the texts were written from those sources. Season, time of day, sensitivities, technique and baits and lures are not included yet, because we did not find a good source for this species.
- scientific FishBase: Batrachoides surinamensis (ficha da espécie)Size, length-weight, depth, habitat, distribution, biology, and IUCN status. Page checked on Oct 13, 2026.
- scientific FishBase: nomes populares de Batrachoides surinamensisNames by country and language.
- official Portaria GM/MMA nº 1.667, de 27 de abril de 2026: Lista Nacional Oficial de Espécies da Fauna Ameaçadas de Extinção (peixes e invertebrados aquáticos)The species is not on the list. Checked in the DOU of April 28, 2026.
how we calculatewhere each number comes from
The weather comes from three independent global models, cross-checked hour by hour: when they agree, confidence goes up; when they diverge, the band between them shows on the chart. Beyond 16 days, we use the GEFS ensemble of 31 simulations: if 20 of the 31 predict rain, the chance of rain is 65%. Sun and moon are calculated astronomically, with no uncertainty.
The index adds up, weighted for each species: time of day (species curve anchored to real sunrise and sunset), moon (transits, rise and set, phase), pressure (3 h trend and 24 h swing), water temperature (in rivers, estimated from air temperature; at sea, estimated by an ocean model), wind, rain, clouds, tide and the month in the species' cycle.
sources for this lookup
how accurate the forecast is
Accuracy measured in the reference project (4 regions, 93 days, forecast vs. observed): maximum temperature is off by 0.6 °C on average the next day and 1.7 °C at 7 days; rain of 5 mm or more is detected 76% of the time the next day and 57% at 7 days. Detection isn't everything: the false alarm rate isn't published here yet, and 93 days in 4 regions is still a small sample. We now also measure every day, at the app's destinations: