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catalog Salmonidae · predator

coho salmon

Oncorhynchus kisutch

Freshwater

The silver salmon of the North Pacific (coho), raised on a large scale in southern Chile. Escapees from farms appear in rivers, lakes and estuaries and are caught with spoons, spinners and flies.

Also called: salmão-coho, salmão-prateado, coho, silver salmon

Scientific illustration of Coho salmon
common size
50–75 cm
maximum
108 cm
common weight
1.5–5 kg
record/max.
15.2 kg
depth
0.5–15 m
ideal water
8–14 °C
overview

who is the coho salmon

Native to the North Pacific, from the Anadyr River (Russia) to Hokkaido (Japan) and from Alaska to Baja California, where Chamalu Bay marks the southern limit. Young fish live one to two years in fresh water, go to sea, grow for about a year and a half, and return to the river where they hatched to spawn in autumn, dying afterward. It was taken to Chile and Argentina through aquaculture and stocking programs; Chile farms coho on a large scale, and escapes from farms feed fishing in the rivers, lakes and estuaries of the south. Unlike chinook, coho did not form large wild populations in the region. It is a fast, jumping sport fish, caught with spoons, spinners and streamers.

fun facts

  • Like all Pacific salmon, it dies after spawning.
  • The southern limit of the native range is in Mexico, at Chamalu Bay in Baja California.
how to recognize it

identification

Silvery, with a blue-metallic or greenish back and small black spots on the back and only on the upper lobe of the tail. The gum of the lower jaw is pale, without the black stripe of chinook, which also has spots on both tail lobes. During spawning the head and back turn dark green, the flanks red, and the male grows a hooked snout. Atlantic salmon has a short anal fin, with fewer than 12 rays.

how coho salmon fishing looks

Loading the next 7 days…

Each card shows the day's index (0 to 100) and, below it, a strip with the index for each hour, from 0h to 23h. from poor to excellent.

distribution

where found

open on the large map

Not found in Brazil. Exotic in South America, native to the North Pacific (in Mexico, only the far north of Baja California). Farmed fish and escapees in rivers, lakes and estuaries of southern Chile; FishBase also records the introduction in Argentina.

Habitat: Cold rivers and lakes of southern Chile, estuaries and fjords near the farms.

calendar and clock

when to fish

best season

time of yearbest: Apr
JanFebSeaAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec

Within the salmonid season (generally November to April or May), late summer and autumn are usually best, when the fish run up the rivers. Each region's legal calendar governs.

best time of day

0h6h12h18h sunrise ~6amsunset ~6pm

Daytime, with peaks at dawn and dusk. Bites most at dawn, dusk and on overcast days, when fish move at river mouths and in pools.

weather, water and behavior

what affects the coho salmon
sensitivity The little bars show how much each factor affects this species. Five full: it feels it a lot.

cold and cold fronts

Cold-water fish; summer heat takes it to the bottom.

atmospheric pressure

Little direct effect.

moon

Little effect.

rain

Rain that raises the river encourages fish coming from the sea to enter.

water level

Rising flow brings new fish; low river leaves them still and wary in the pools.

noise

In clear water, approach carefully.

wind

Hinders fly casting; little effect on the fish.

tide

In estuaries, the rising tide brings fish close to the river mouths.

depth

From 1 to 5 m in pools, channels and river mouths.

technique, gear and bait

how to fish

rod
spinning 7' to 8', 8 to 17 lb; fly #7 to #8
spinning / baitcasting reel
spinning reel 3000 to 4000; fly reel with good drag
line
braided line 15 to 30 lb; sinking fly
leader
fluorocarbon 12 to 20 lb
hook
simple 1/0 to 3/0, barbless where required

lures

  • spoon 10 to 25 g
  • spinner No. 3 to 5
  • silver and pink streamers

natural baits

  • natural bait is usually banned for salmonids; check the regulations

accessories

  • large passaguá
  • wader
  • alicate

tip from an angler

Coho likes a fast, shiny lure: reel the spoon faster than for trout and vary the depth until you find the school.

what the law says

rules for the coho salmon

Summary of the regulations we found, with the source for each. Rules change; before keeping or transporting fish, check with the state environmental agency.
Conservation: Exotic in southern South America; escapes from farms are monitored for their effect on native fauna.

Chile: license and limit of 3 fish or 15 kg per day

3 fish or 15 kg per day (whichever comes first)confirm with the agency

In recreational salmonid fishing in Chile's inland waters, including coho salmon, the general rule published by Sernapesca is a maximum of 3 fish or 15 kg per angler per day, with a valid recreational fishing license and one rod per person. The season is set by region (in Magallanes, 2025-2026: Oct 16 to Apr 14), and some rivers and lakes are release-only. In some regions it is prohibited to use live or organic bait for salmonids.

Source: Sernapesca — Ley de Pesca Recreativa nº 20.256 and regional season resolutions (official notices from 2023 and 2025)

Argentina (Patagonia): season-based regulations

mandatory permit; release in rivers and 1 fish per day in lakes

Pacific salmon (Oncorhynchus spp.) are among the exotic species of sport value in the Patagonian General Regulation of Continental Sport Fishing. In the 2025/2026 season (Nov 1 to May 1), every fish caught in rivers and streams had to be released, and in lakes one fish per day could be kept between Dec 1 and Mar 31, using an artificial lure with a single hook. Check the season regulation before keeping any fish.

Source: Resolución APN nº 417/2025 (Boletín Oficial, Dec 9, 2025), Annex I, items 7º, 8º, 13º, 17º and 18º

catch and release
catch and release Releasing the fish alive, quickly and with a wet hand. During a closed season it isn't always allowed: what the regulation says applies.

Keep the fish in the water, hold it by the tail base and belly and release it facing the current. Fish in advanced spawning die anyway after reproduction.

in the kitchen

Reddish-orange, tasty flesh; excellent grilled or smoked when the fish is silver.

calculator

how much it weighs without taking it out of the water

Length-weight relationship W = a·Lb (a = 0.01047, b = 3.04; FishBase (estimativa bayesiana para o gênero e o formato do corpo)). It's an average: a fat or lean fish can vary by 10% to 20%.

estimated weight

—

sources and references

The season weights (months), the time of day and the sensitivities (cold, pressure, moon, wind, rain, tide, strong light, murky water and noise) are the app's editorial estimates, based on the literature below and on the field experience of anglers and guides. They are not official data nor a measurement made for this species, and they may vary by region and year. Closed seasons and legal rules appear in the rules section, with the norm and a link.

  1. scientific FishBase — Oncorhynchus kisutch (ficha da espécie)Names, distribution, biology, length-weight relationship, list of countries and references. Page checked 13/10/2026. FishBase records the species as introduced in Chile and Argentina.
  2. scientific IUCN Red List — Oncorhynchus kisutch (avaliação global: Pouco Preocupante, LC, 27/07/2020)Global assessment. Link given on the FishBase entry (Red List, version 2025-2).
  3. scientific Soto, D.; Jara, F.; Moreno, C. (2001). Escaped salmon in the inner seas, southern Chile: facing ecological and social conflicts. Ecological Applications 11(6): 1750-1762.DOI checked in Crossref.
  4. scientific Pascual, M. A.; Ciancio, J. E. (2007). Introduced anadromous salmonids in Patagonia: risks, uses, and a conservation paradox. In: Ecology of Fish Introductions. Dordrecht: Springer, p. 333-353.DOI checked in Crossref.
  5. official Sernapesca (Chile) — Comenzó la temporada de pesca recreativa en la región de Magallanes (16/10/2025)Official notice with the 2025-2026 season in Magallanes, mandatory license, a limit of 3 fish or 15 kg per day, and habitats with mandatory release.
  6. official Argentina — Resolución APN nº 417/2025 (Administración de Parques Nacionales): aprova o Reglamento General de Pesca Deportiva Continental Patagónico, temporada 2025/2026Published in the Official Gazette on Dec 9, 2025. Annex I (general regulation) checked: items 8 to 11 (species), 13 (baits) and 17 and 18 (release and daily limit).
don't confuse

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